|
Charts & Quotes | Systems Traded | Open an Account | Contact
Performance Dates
January 1, 1998
through March 31, 2008
Cumulative Net Profit (Per $50k trading
Unit) ... $374,785
Excluding interest income, prior to incentive. No
compounding or pyramiding of positions or reinvestment of profit, deducting
$40.00 per round-turn trade for dealer spreads and order execution
slippage.
Combined performance: monthly or current.
| Best year
2003 |
+123.18% |
| Worst year
2006 |
+45.19% |
| Average |
+73.13% |
| Largest
drawdown |
-12.47% |
Greatest Net Drawdown on a Series of
Trades Marked to Market Daily (Per Unit )
(-$6,135 )
Drawdown
calculations based on trading one standardized contract per market, per trade
recommendation, from optimal equity peak to lowest low, prior to recovery,
including dealer spreads, order execution slippage and unrealized profit or
loss. No representation can be made that future drawdowns will be less or equal
to historical performance. Drawdowns in this or any program can be larger than
those represented by historical performance.
Qualifying risk tolerance $15k per $50k
trading unit maximum permissible drawdown prior to program suspension.
For program description
click here.

Option
Write/Spread Program
Performance January 1, 1998 - March 31, 2008 |
| Jump to current
results. |
| Period Ending |
Beginning Equity |
Additions |
Withdrawals |
Net Performance |
Ending Equity |
Rate of Return |
| Jan-98 |
$0.00 |
$50,000.00 |
$0.00 |
$3,517.44 |
$53,517.44 |
7.03% |
| Feb-98 |
$53,517.44 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$3,647.46 |
$57,164.90 |
6.82% |
| Mar-98 |
$57,164.90 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$2,829.08 |
$59,993.98 |
4.95% |
| Apr-98 |
$59,993.98 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$762.80 |
$60,756.78 |
1.27% |
| May-98 |
$60,756.78 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$3,942.24 |
$64,699.02 |
6.49% |
| Jun-98 |
$64,699.02 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$3,223.10 |
$67,922.12 |
4.98% |
| Jul-98 |
$67,922.12 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$6,659.29 |
$74,581.41 |
9.80% |
| Aug-98 |
$74,581.41 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,985.50 |
$76,566.91 |
2.66% |
| Sep-98 |
$76,566.91 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$4,955.04 |
$81,521.95 |
6.47% |
| Oct-98 |
$81,521.95 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$3,131.46 |
$84,653.41 |
3.84% |
| Nov-98 |
$84,653.41 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,715.08 |
$86,368.49 |
2.03% |
| Dec-98 |
$86,368.49 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$301.70 |
$86,670.19 |
0.35% |
|
|
|
|
----------- |
|
-------- |
|
|
|
|
$36,670.19 |
|
73.34% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Jan-99 |
$86,670.19 |
$0.00 |
($36,670.19) |
$7,694.42 |
$57,694.42 |
15.39% |
| Feb-99 |
$57,694.42 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$2,171.73 |
$59,866.15 |
3.76% |
| Mar-99 |
$59,866.15 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
($1,514.98) |
$58,351.17 |
-2.53% |
| Apr-99 |
$58,351.17 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$6,721.37 |
$65,072.54 |
11.52% |
| May-99 |
$65,072.54 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$2,928.50 |
$68,001.04 |
4.50% |
| Jun-99 |
$68,001.04 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$6,505.11 |
$74,506.15 |
9.57% |
| Jul-99 |
$74,506.15 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$2,037.45 |
$76,543.60 |
2.73% |
| Aug-99 |
$76,543.60 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$2,439.59 |
$78,983.19 |
3.19% |
| Sep-99 |
$78,983.19 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$3,497.83 |
$82,481.02 |
4.43% |
| Oct-99 |
$82,481.02 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
($831.02) |
$81,650.00 |
-1.01% |
| Nov-99 |
$81,650.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
($753.81) |
$80,896.19 |
-0.92% |
| Dec-99 |
$80,896.19 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$2,992.99 |
$83,889.18 |
3.70% |
|
|
|
|
----------- |
|
-------- |
|
|
|
|
$33,889.18 |
|
67.78% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Jan-00 |
$83,889.18 |
$0.00 |
($33,889.18) |
$1,825.95 |
$51,825.95 |
3.65% |
| Feb-00 |
$51,825.95 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$10,183.02 |
$62,008.97 |
19.65% |
| Mar-00 |
$62,008.97 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
($1,711.71) |
$60,297.26 |
-2.76% |
| Apr-00 |
$60,297.26 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$2,117.75 |
$62,415.01 |
3.51% |
| May-00 |
$62,415.01 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,387.53 |
$63,802.54 |
2.22% |
| Jun-00 |
$63,802.54 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$5,631.03 |
$69,433.57 |
8.83% |
| Jul-00 |
$69,433.57 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$3,971.72 |
$73,405.29 |
5.72% |
| Aug-00 |
$73,405.29 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$5,894.78 |
$79,300.07 |
8.03% |
| Sep-00 |
$79,300.07 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$3,394.05 |
$82,694.12 |
4.28% |
| Oct-00 |
$82,694.12 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
($1,729.95) |
$80,964.17 |
-2.09% |
| Nov-00 |
$80,964.17 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$5,934.48 |
$86,898.65 |
7.33% |
| Dec-00 |
$86,898.65 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
($511.30) |
$86,387.35 |
-0.59% |
|
|
|
|
----------- |
|
-------- |
|
|
|
|
$36,387.35 |
|
72.77% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1-Jan |
$86,387.35 |
$0.00 |
($36,387.35) |
$1,480.19 |
$51,480.19 |
2.96% |
| 1-Feb |
$51,480.19 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$5,672.05 |
$57,152.24 |
11.02% |
| 1-Mar |
$57,152.24 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$88.24 |
$57,240.48 |
0.15% |
| 1-Apr |
$57,240.48 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$2,877.75 |
$60,118.23 |
5.03% |
| 1-May |
$60,118.23 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,783.45 |
$61,901.68 |
2.97% |
| 1-Jun |
$61,901.68 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$4,314.19 |
$66,215.87 |
6.97% |
| 1-Jul |
$66,215.87 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$5,148.55 |
$71,364.42 |
7.78% |
| 1-Aug |
$71,364.42 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$3,873.36 |
$75,237.78 |
5.43% |
| 1-Sep |
$75,237.78 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$9,962.34 |
$85,200.12 |
13.24% |
| 1-Oct |
$85,200.12 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,069.85 |
$86,269.97 |
1.26% |
| 1-Nov |
$86,269.97 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$2,582.53 |
$88,852.50 |
2.99% |
| 1-Dec |
$88,852.50 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$4,655.84 |
$93,508.34 |
5.24% |
|
|
|
|
----------- |
|
-------- |
|
|
|
|
$43,508.34 |
|
87.02% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 2-Jan |
$93,508.34 |
$0.00 |
($43,508.34) |
$5,816.05 |
$55,816.05 |
11.63% |
| 2-Feb |
$55,816.05 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,981.73 |
$57,797.78 |
3.55% |
| 2-Mar |
$57,797.78 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$7,148.25 |
$64,946.03 |
12.37% |
| 2-Apr |
$64,946.03 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
($507.82) |
$64,438.21 |
-0.78% |
| 2-May |
$64,438.21 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
($281.08) |
$64,157.13 |
-0.44% |
| 2-Jun |
$64,157.13 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
($586.11) |
$63,571.02 |
-0.91% |
| 2-Jul |
$63,571.02 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,905.11 |
$65,476.13 |
3.00% |
| 2-Aug |
$65,476.13 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$10,110.43 |
$75,586.56 |
15.44% |
| 2-Sep |
$75,586.56 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$10,009.50 |
$85,596.06 |
13.24% |
| 2-Oct |
$85,596.06 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$4,413.44 |
$90,009.50 |
5.16% |
| 2-Nov |
$90,009.50 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,241.32 |
$91,250.82 |
1.38% |
| 2-Dec |
$91,250.82 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$639.48 |
$91,890.30 |
0.70% |
|
|
|
|
----------- |
|
-------- |
|
|
|
|
$41,890.30 |
|
83.78% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 3-Jan |
$91,890.30 |
$0.00 |
($41,890.30) |
$4,676.92 |
$54,676.92 |
9.35% |
| 3-Feb |
$54,676.92 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,104.70 |
$55,781.62 |
2.02% |
| 3-Mar |
$55,781.62 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$9,319.08 |
$65,100.70 |
16.71% |
| 3-Apr |
$65,100.70 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$5,919.24 |
$71,019.94 |
9.09% |
| 3-May |
$71,019.94 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$6,779.92 |
$77,799.86 |
9.55% |
| 3-Jun |
$77,799.86 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$9,460.48 |
$87,260.34 |
12.16% |
| 3-Jul |
$87,260.34 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$5,071.13 |
$92,331.47 |
5.81% |
| 3-Aug |
$92,331.47 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$6,545.58 |
$98,877.05 |
7.09% |
| 3-Sep |
$98,877.05 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$198.62 |
$99,075.67 |
0.20% |
| 3-Oct |
$99,075.67 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$5,615.69 |
$104,691.36 |
5.67% |
| 3-Nov |
$104,691.36 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$3,240.56 |
$107,931.92 |
3.10% |
| 3-Dec |
$107,931.92 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$3,656.36 |
$111,588.28 |
3.39% |
|
|
|
|
----------- |
|
-------- |
|
|
|
|
$61,588.28 |
|
123.18% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 4-Jan |
$111,588.28 |
$0.00 |
($61,588.28) |
$3,675.14 |
$53,675.14 |
7.35% |
| 4-Feb |
$53,675.14 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$53,675.14 |
0.00% |
| 4-Mar |
$53,675.14 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$14,656.78 |
$68,331.92 |
27.31% |
| 4-Apr |
$68,331.92 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$3,129.35 |
$71,461.27 |
4.58% |
| 4-May |
$71,461.27 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$5,698.71 |
$77,159.98 |
7.97% |
| 4-Jun |
$77,159.98 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$4,886.50 |
$82,046.48 |
6.33% |
| 4-Jul |
$82,046.48 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,845.47 |
$83,891.95 |
2.25% |
| 4-Aug |
$83,891.95 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$2,752.00 |
$86,643.95 |
3.28% |
| 4-Sep |
$86,643.95 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$2,793.47 |
$89,437.42 |
3.22% |
| 4-Oct |
$89,437.42 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$2,731.28 |
$92,168.70 |
3.05% |
| 4-Nov |
$92,168.70 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$4,445.69 |
$96,614.39 |
4.82% |
| 4-Dec |
$96,614.39 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$4,692.06 |
$101,306.45 |
4.86% |
|
|
|
|
----------- |
|
-------- |
|
|
|
|
$51,306.45 |
|
102.61% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 5-Jan |
$101,306.45 |
$0.00 |
($51,306.45) |
$5,664.79 |
$55,664.79 |
11.33% |
| 5-Feb |
$55,664.79 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$3,697.43 |
$59,362.22 |
6.64% |
| 5-Mar |
$59,362.22 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$3,153.50 |
$62,515.72 |
5.31% |
| 5-Apr |
$62,515.72 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$3,375.53 |
$65,891.25 |
5.40% |
| 5-May |
$65,891.25 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,078.28 |
$66,969.53 |
1.64% |
| 5-Jun |
$66,969.53 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,622.00 |
$68,591.53 |
2.42% |
| 5-Jul |
$68,591.53 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$2,469.57 |
$71,061.10 |
3.60% |
| 5-Aug |
$71,061.10 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$3,931.43 |
$74,992.53 |
5.53% |
| 5-Sep |
$74,992.53 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,671.50 |
$76,664.03 |
2.23% |
| 5-Oct |
$76,664.03 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$5,288.69 |
$81,952.72 |
6.90% |
| 5-Nov |
$81,952.72 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$3,227.28 |
$85,180.00 |
3.94% |
| 5-Dec |
$85,180.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,615.79 |
$86,795.79 |
1.90% |
|
|
|
|
----------- |
|
-------- |
|
|
|
|
$36,795.79 |
|
73.59% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 6-Jan |
$86,795.79 |
$0.00 |
($36,795.79) |
$5,518.56 |
$55,518.56 |
11.04% |
| 6-Feb |
$55,518.56 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,002.06 |
$56,520.62 |
1.80% |
| 6-Mar |
$56,520.62 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
($1,275.06) |
$55,245.56 |
-2.26% |
| 6-Apr |
$55,245.56 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$795.90 |
$56,041.46 |
1.44% |
| 6-May |
$56,041.46 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,216.25 |
$57,257.71 |
2.17% |
| 6-Jun |
$57,257.71 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$3,555.85 |
$60,813.56 |
6.21% |
| 6-Jul |
$60,813.56 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,914.75 |
$62,728.31 |
3.15% |
| 6-Aug |
$62,728.31 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$2,366.84 |
$65,095.15 |
3.77% |
| 6-Sep |
$65,095.15 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
($944.62) |
$64,150.53 |
-1.45% |
| 6-Oct |
$64,150.53 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
($721.35) |
$63,429.18 |
-1.12% |
| 6-Nov |
$63,429.18 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$4,389.53 |
$67,818.71 |
6.92% |
| 6-Dec |
$67,818.71 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$4,776.69 |
$72,595.40 |
7.04% |
|
|
|
|
----------- |
|
-------- |
|
|
|
|
$22,595.40 |
|
45.19% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 7-Jan |
$72,595.40 |
$0.00 |
($22,595.40) |
($286.59) |
$49,713.41 |
-0.57% |
| 7-Feb |
$49,713.41 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$280.43 |
$49,993.84 |
0.56% |
| 7-Mar |
$49,993.84 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$5,012.85 |
$55,006.69 |
10.03% |
| 7-Apr |
$55,006.69 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$4,068.22 |
$59,074.91 |
7.40% |
| 7-May |
$59,074.91 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$925.81 |
$60,000.72 |
1.57% |
| 7-Jun |
$60,000.72 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,882.62 |
$61,883.34 |
3.14% |
| 7-Jul |
$61,883.34 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,245.91 |
$63,129.25 |
2.01% |
| 7-Aug |
$63,129.25 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
($494.41) |
$62,634.84 |
-0.78% |
| 7-Sep |
$62,634.84 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$1,993.00 |
$64,627.84 |
3.18% |
| 7-Oct |
$64,627.84 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
($750.00) |
$63,877.84 |
-1.16% |
| 7-Nov |
$63,877.84 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
($4,229.00) |
$59,648.84 |
-6.62% |
| 7-Dec |
$59,648.84 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$927.00 |
$60,575.84 |
1.55% |
|
|
|
|
----------- |
|
-------- |
|
|
|
|
$10,575.84 |
|
21.15% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 8-Jan |
$60,575.64 |
$0.00 |
($10,575.84) |
$2,287.00 |
$52,287.00 |
4.57% |
| 8-Feb |
$52,287.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$276.00 |
$52,563.00 |
0.53% |
| 8-Mar |
$52,563.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
($2,985.00) |
$49,578.00 |
-5.68% |
|
|
|
|
----------- |
|
-------- |
|
|
|
|
($422.00) |
|
-0.84% |
Program Description
FCM Forex
Option Program
Determine the
trend and strength of the trend using
these tables. See the
Opinion column for composite indicators.
Price out
stratgey using the option prices on
this page. See the
Options column for option prices.
Example Trade
Writing the 120 put and call , with only 22 days to expiration = +
2,750 Buying the 11850 put and 12150 call - 1,287 net premium colleted =
+1,463 to completely hedge the position Break even window 117 points + or -
12000 strike Maximum risk on the trade 33 points or $412.50 versus the net
premium collected $1,463 or 3.54 to 1 Option quotes
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The spreading of
mispriced options against fair value options relates to the discrepancy in
volatility between two options with the same underlying and, for most
strategies, the same expiration date. The key to this method is garnering a
trading edge in a mispriced option (over-/under-valued), and spreading it
against a properly priced option. As time passes, the hope is that the trader
will realize a profit as the options volatility equalizes. In the real
world of options, options with the same expiration date do not always trade
with the same volatility.
Based on the
current market conditions and the extent of the mispricing (skew), an option
trader can spread with a ratio that is neutral in both direction and
volatility, or take an opinion in both or either. Volatility spreading is
utilized if volatility is severely under-/over-valued to its average over a
specific time frame.
Time decay
strategies would be considered if the determination is made that underlying
market is in a trading range and will remain that way. Most likely, volatility
will stay constant or decrease. The crux of these spreads is that options are
wasting assets, and it is better to have time work for you than against you.
Directional
range spreads utilize option strategies, which also allow time to be on the
side of the position. These spreads have limited risk/reward properties. Rather
than purchasing currency outright, the options trader can put on a put or call
spread and a directional opinion can be taken.
Key steps to
consider when putting on volatility-spread positions include:
- Measure both current implied
volatility and the relevant statistical volatilities.
- Determine the expected
ranges for the underlying curency.
- Compare current implied
volatility to past implied volatility levels.
- Ascertain the volatility
trend.
- Examine the volatility skews
of the options series.
- Based on our evaluation of
volatility and market trend decide whether this is an option position that will
provide a trading edge over the markets.
By going through
these steps, the options trader is prepared to make a trade determination. The
trader should review these steps at regular intervals after the trade is
initiated. Options are flexible vehicles, and as options traders we should
always remain flexible. Use these steps to become a better and more informed
Options Volatility Spread trader.
Forex Risk Statement
The risk of loss in trading foreign
exchange can be substantial. You should therefore carefully consider whether
such trading is suitable in light of your financial condition. You may sustain
a total loss of funds and any additional funds that you deposit with your
broker to maintain a position in the foreign exchange market. Actual past
performance is no guarantee of future results. Simulated performance results
also have certain limitations unlike actual performance records, simulated
results do not represent composite trading. Also, since trades have not
actually been executed for this composite, the results may have under-or-over
compensated for the impact, if any, of certain market factors, such as lack of
liquidity, simulated trading results, in general are also subject to the fact
they are designed with the benefit of hindsight. No representation can or is
being made that any trading system will, or is likely, to achieve profits or
losses similar to those shown in this simulated performance record.
The performance records have been
calculated in a manner we believe to be reasonable and is based on the
respective leverage factors intended to be used. Prospective investors must
recognize that any simulation of a hypothetical record, even when based on
actual trading systems, with qualified trade execution, has inherent
limitations. We believe that the records as presented should be of interest to
investors in determining whether to participate, such rates of return should by
no means be taken as an indication of how the system will perform or would have
performed, even given the same trades. Any performance record compiled from
individual performance records of any trading methodologies has certain
hypothetical and artificial characteristics and must be evaluated
accordingly.
Options:
Off-exchange transactions
In some jurisdictions, and only
then in restricted circumstances, firms are permitted to effect off-exchange
transactions. The firm with which you deal may be acting as your counterparty
to the transaction. It may be difficult or impossible to liquidate an existing
position, to assess the value, to determine a fair price, or to assess the
exposure to risk. For these reasons, these transactions may involve increased
risks. Off-exchange transactions may be less regulated or subject to a separate
regulatory regime. Before you undertake such transactions, you should
familiarize yourself with applicable rules and attendant risks.
Variable degree of
risk
Transactions in options carry a
high degree of risk. Purchasers and sellers of options should familiarize
themselves with the type of option (i.e., put or call) which they contemplate
trading and the associated risks. You should calculate the extent to which the
value of options must increase for your position to become profitable, taking
into account the premium and all transaction costs.
The purchaser of options may
offset or exercise the options or allow the options to expire. The exercise of
an option results either in cash settlement or in the purchase acquiring or
delivering the underlying interest. If the option is on a currency, the
purchaser will acquire a currency position with associated liabilities for
margin If the purchased options expire worthless, you will suffer a total loss
of your investment which will consist of the option premium plus transactions
cost. If you are contemplating purchasing deep-out-of-the-money options, you
should be aware that the chance of options becoming profitable ordinarily is
remote.
Selling ("writing" or
"granting") an option generally entails considerably greater risk than
purchasing options. Although the premium received by the seller is fixed, the
seller may sustain a loss well in excess of that amount. The seller will be
liable for additional margin to maintain the position if the market moves
unfavorably. The seller will also be exposed to the risk of the purchaser
exercising the option and the seller will be obligated to either settle the
option in cash or to acquire or deliver the underlying interest. If the option
is on a currency, the seller will acquire a position in a currency with
associated liabilities for margin If the option is "covered" by the seller
holding a corresponding position in the underlying interest or a currency or
another option, the risk may be reduced. If the option is not covered, the risk
of loss can be unlimited.
Certain jurisdictions permit
deferred payment of the option premium, exposing the purchaser to liability for
margin payments not exceeding the amount of premium. The purchaser is still
subject to the risk of losing the premium and transaction costs. When the
option is exercised or expires, the purchaser is responsible for any unpaid
premium outstanding at that time.
Additional risks common
to currency options:
Term and conditions of
contracts
You should ask the firm with
which you deal about the terms and conditions of specific currency or options
which you are trading and associated obligations (e.g., the circumstances under
which you become obligated to make or delivery of underlying interest of a
currency contract and, in respect of option, expiration dates and restrictions
on the time for exercise). Under certain circumstances the specifications of
outstanding contracts (including the exercise price of an option) may be
modified by the exchange or clearing house to reflect changes in the underlying
interest.
Suspension or
restriction of trading and pricing relationships
Market conditions (e.g.,
illiquidity) and/or the operation of the rules of certain markets (e.g., the
suspension of trading in any contract or contract month because of price limits
or "circuit breakers") may increase the risk of loss by making it difficult or
impossible to effect transactions or liquidate/offset positions. If you have
sold options, this may increase the risk of loss.
Further, normal pricing
relationships between the underlying interest and the currency, and the
underlying interest and the option may not exist. This can occur when, for
example, the currency contract underlying the option is subject to price limits
while the option is not. The absence of an underlying reference price may make
it difficult to judge "fair" value.
Deposited cash and
property
You should familiarize yourself
with the protections accorded money or other property you deposit for domestic
and foreign transactions, particularly in the event of a firm insolvency or
bankruptcy. The extent to which you may recover your money or property may be
governed by specific legislation or local rules. In some jurisdictions,
property which had been specifically identifiable as your own will be pro-rated
in the same manner as cash for the purposes of distribution in the event of
shortfall.
Commission and other
charges
Before you begin to trade, you
should obtain a clear explanation of all commission, fees, and other charges
for which you will be liable. These charges will affect your net profit (if
any) or increase your loss.
Transactions in other
jurisdictions
Transactions on markets in other
jurisdictions, including markets formally linked to a domestic market, may
expose you to additional risk. Such markets may be subject to regulation which
may offer different or diminished investor protection. Before you trade you
should inquire about any rules relevant to your particular transactions. Your
local regulatory authority will be unable to compel the enforcement of the
rules of regulatory authorities or markets in other jurisdictions where your
transactions have been affected. You Should ask the form with which you deal
for details about the types of redress available in both your home jurisdiction
and other relevant jurisdictions before you start to trade.
Currency
risks
The profit or loss in
transactions in foreign currency-denominated contracts (whether they are traded
in your own or another jurisdiction) will be affected by fluctuations in
currency rates where there is a need to convert from the currency denomination
of the contract to another currency.
Trading
facilities
Most open-outcry and electronic
trading facilities are supported by computer-based component systems for the
order-routing, execution, matching, registration, or clearing of trades. As
with all facilities and systems, they are vulnerable to temporary disruption or
failure. Your ability to recover certain losses may be subject to limits on
liability imposed by the system provider, the market, the clearing house and/or
member firms. Such limits may vary: you should ask the firm with which you deal
for details in this respect.
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